Life cycle design and efficiency strategy for sustainable membrane technology

Abstract Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is an assessment tool to evaluate the potential environmental impact of a system or product throughout its life cycle. Results from LCA provides insight on developing more sustainable while identifying hotspots. With recent advancements in membrane treatment systems especially for wastewater (WWT), there rising interest sustainability aspect. Thus, it crucial review previous published studies highlight challenges and achievements implementing system. Hence, this paper presents 33 papers year 2017-2020 conducting WWT. Bounded by key frameworks ISO standards, analysis showed variance defining functional unit, boundaries, categories method LCA, which makes challenge do comparison. Some discussed highlighted include inconsistencies specifying methodology used some journals lack study certain regional areas. A uniform implementation should be considered ensure reliability reproducibility results allow adoptions novel existing systems.